Next-js | Netlify Changelog

Posts tagged "Next-js"

The Next.js team has disclosed a critical severity vulnerability in an upstream dependency that can lead to remote code execution when ImageResponse renders untrusted input. It is patched in 15.5.26 and 16.3.6. Applications that do not pass untrusted input into ImageResponse are not expected to be affected. Here’s what Netlify customers need to know.

Vulnerabilities

Impact on Netlify

Netlify sites are affected only if they use ImageResponse and the image it generates includes untrusted input — text, or an image loaded from the request. Sites that don’t use ImageResponse, or that only render trusted content through it, are not affected.
For sites that do, the impact is limited to a crashed function invocation, not code execution. On Netlify, this has minimal impact: our autoscaling serverless architecture means that a malicious request resulting in a crashed function does not affect other requests. However, active exploitation could increase your function costs.

What should I do?

We strongly recommend upgrading as soon as possible to patched releases:

Until you can upgrade, do not place untrusted input inside elements passed to ImageResponse. Escape it as XML before rendering, or keep it out of the generated image entirely.

Note that any publicly available deploy previews and branch deploys may remain vulnerable until they are automatically deleted. Consider deleting these deploys manually.

Resources

Permalink to Security Update: Critical Next.js vulnerability in ImageResponsePermalink

August 25, 2026

The Next.js team has disclosed two critical severity vulnerabilities, both of which can lead to unauthenticated remote code execution. Both are patched in 15.5.24 and 16.3.3. Netlify-hosted sites are not affected by the Windows issue, and do not run the Next.js code path affected by the image issue. We still recommend upgrading. Here’s what Netlify customers need to know.

Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability Severity Affected versions
CVE-2026-75604 / GHSA-p293-qw3h-jr36 — Unauthenticated remote code execution on Windows-hosted servers Critical ≥13.4.0 <15.5.24, ≥16.0.0 <16.3.3
GHSA-2xp9-vwfh-vxw4 — Unauthenticated remote code execution in Image Optimization API when AVIF files are used Critical ≥10.0.0 <15.5.24, ≥16.0.0 <16.3.3

Impact on Netlify

Unauthenticated remote code execution on Windows-hosted servers

CVE-2026-75604 / GHSA-p293-qw3h-jr36: Netlify sites are not affected. The issue affects Windows-hosted deployments only, and Netlify Functions and Edge Functions run on Linux.

Unauthenticated remote code execution in Image Optimization API when AVIF files are used

GHSA-2xp9-vwfh-vxw4: Netlify sites do not run the affected Next.js code path. Requests to /_next/image are rewritten to Netlify Image CDN at our edge, so the Next.js Image Optimization API is never invoked.

What should I do?

Netlify sites are not affected by the Windows issue and do not run the affected image code path, but we always strongly recommend upgrading as soon as possible to patched releases:

Resources

Permalink to Security Update: Two critical Next.js vulnerabilitiesPermalink

July 21, 2026

The Next.js team has disclosed nine security vulnerabilities, all patched in 15.5.21 and 16.2.11. The issues span server-side request forgery (SSRF), a middleware authorization bypass, denial of service (DoS), and cache/identifier disclosure. Here’s what Netlify customers need to know.

Summary

If you run Next.js on Netlify, upgrade next to 15.5.21 or 16.2.11 and redeploy. Netlify-hosted sites are not affected by three of these (Server Action Host forwarding, the Image Optimizer DoS, and the Edge-runtime OOM). The rest affect only apps using a specific pattern or configuration, and are resolved by upgrading — see Impact on Netlify for the per-issue verdict.

Vulnerabilities

All issues are patched in 15.5.21 and 16.2.11. Earlier minors of 15.x and 16.x will not be patched; affected projects must upgrade to a patched minor. Follow the GHSA links for full details.

Vulnerability Severity Affected versions
CVE-2026-64645 / GHSA-p9j2-gv94-2wf4 — Server-Side Request Forgery in rewrites via attacker-controlled destination hostname High ≥12.0.0 <15.5.21, ≥16.0.0 <16.2.11
CVE-2026-64649 / GHSA-89xv-2m56-2m9x — Server-Side Request Forgery in Server Actions on custom servers High ≥14.1.1 <15.5.21, ≥16.0.0 <16.2.11
CVE-2026-64642 / GHSA-6gpp-xcg3-4w24 — Middleware / Proxy bypass in App Router applications using Turbopack and single locale High ≥16.0.0 <16.2.11
CVE-2026-64641 / GHSA-m99w-x7hq-7vfj — Denial of Service in App Router using Server Actions High ≥13.0.0 <15.5.21, ≥16.0.0 <16.2.11
CVE-2026-64644 / GHSA-q8wf-6r8g-63ch — Denial of Service in the Image Optimization API using SVGs Medium ≥15.5.0 <15.5.21, ≥16.0.0 <16.2.11
CVE-2026-64646 / GHSA-4c39-4ccg-62r3 — Unbounded Server Action payload in Edge runtime Medium ≥13.0.0 <15.5.21, ≥16.0.0 <16.2.11
CVE-2026-64648 / GHSA-68g3-v927-f742 — Cache confusion of response bodies for requests with bodies Medium ≥13.0.0 <15.5.21, ≥16.0.0 <16.2.11
CVE-2026-64647 / GHSA-4633-3j49-mh5q — Cache confusion of response bodies for requests with bodies containing invalid UTF-8 byte sequences Medium ≥13.0.0 <15.5.21, ≥16.0.0 <16.2.11
CVE-2026-64643 / GHSA-955p-x3mx-jcvp — Unauthenticated disclosure of internal Server Function endpoints Medium ≥13.0.0 <15.5.21, ≥16.0.0 <16.2.11

Impact on Netlify

Server-side request forgery

CVE-2026-64645 / GHSA-p9j2-gv94-2wf4 (Server-Side Request Forgery in rewrites via attacker-controlled destination hostname): Netlify sites are affected if a rewrites() or redirects() rule builds the destination hostname from request input (static destinations are not). Upgrading Next.js resolves it.

CVE-2026-64649 / GHSA-89xv-2m56-2m9x (Server-Side Request Forgery in Server Actions on custom servers): Netlify sites are not affected — our edge overwrites inbound X-Forwarded-Host with the real host, so an attacker cannot redirect the Server Action’s outbound request to a host they control.

Middleware authorization bypass

CVE-2026-64642 / GHSA-6gpp-xcg3-4w24 (Middleware / Proxy bypass in App Router applications using Turbopack and single locale): Netlify sites are affected if they build with Turbopack and use the legacy middleware.ts convention with single-locale i18n. Webpack builds and the newer proxy.ts convention are not affected. Upgrading Next.js resolves it.

Denial of service

CVE-2026-64641 / GHSA-m99w-x7hq-7vfj (Denial of Service in App Router using Server Actions) and CVE-2026-64646 / GHSA-4c39-4ccg-62r3 (Unbounded Server Action payload in Edge runtime) are server-side DoS. On Netlify these have minimal impact: our autoscaling architecture means a hung or crashed function does not affect other requests, though active exploitation could increase your function costs. The Edge-runtime OOM specifically cannot exhaust memory on Netlify — request bodies are capped and each request runs in an isolated invocation. Upgrading Next.js resolves both.

CVE-2026-64644 / GHSA-q8wf-6r8g-63ch (Denial of Service in the Image Optimization API using SVGs): Netlify sites are not affected — /_next/image is served by Netlify Image CDN, so the vulnerable Next.js code path is not used.

Cache disclosure / confusion

CVE-2026-64648 / GHSA-68g3-v927-f742 (Cache confusion of response bodies for requests with bodies) and CVE-2026-64647 / GHSA-4633-3j49-mh5q (Cache confusion of response bodies for requests with bodies containing invalid UTF-8 byte sequences): Netlify sites are affected if they use the specific cached-fetch patterns — a cached fetch(new Request(url), init), or a cached binary-body POST fetch(). fetch(url, init) and cache: 'no-store' are not affected. Upgrading Next.js resolves both.

Information disclosure

CVE-2026-64643 / GHSA-955p-x3mx-jcvp (Unauthenticated disclosure of internal Server Function endpoints): Netlify sites are affected (low impact) if they use Cache Components with a reflective Server Action co-bundled alongside a use cache function. The leak is limited to opaque internal function identifiers — no credentials or PII. Upgrading Next.js resolves it.

What should I do?

We strongly recommend upgrading as soon as possible:

For Next.js 13.x and 14.x: patches target 15.x / 16.x — upgrade to a patched minor.

Resources

Permalink to Security Update: Multiple vulnerabilities in Next.jsPermalink

May 8, 2026

The Next.js and React teams have disclosed twelve security vulnerabilities: one in React Server Components and eleven in Next.js, all patched on May 6, 2026, plus a follow-up advisory on May 7. The issues span middleware/proxy bypass, cross-site scripting (XSS), server-side request forgery (SSRF), cache poisoning, and denial of service (DoS). No detailed proof-of-concept information has been published. Here’s what Netlify customers need to know.

Summary

If you run Next.js on Netlify, we strongly recommend upgrading next to 15.5.18 or 16.2.6 and redeploying. This also brings in the patched React Server Components dependency. Projects using Pages Router with i18n and Next.js Middleware / Proxy also need OpenNext Netlify Next.js adapter v5.15.11. If you use react-server-dom-* outside of Next.js, upgrade to 19.0.6 / 19.1.7 / 19.2.6 matching your React minor. See What should I do? for full steps.

Netlify’s platform is not vulnerable to several of these CVEs. Image Optimization, WebSocket SSRF, RSC cache poisoning, and the cache-poisoned-redirect bypass do not affect Netlify projects. See Impact on Netlify for the per-CVE verdict.

Vulnerabilities

React (react-server-dom-*)

This affects react-server-dom-webpack, react-server-dom-parcel, and react-server-dom-turbopack. The Next.js advisory GHSA-8h8q-6873-q5fj tracks the same issue downstream.

Vulnerability Severity Affected versions Fixed in
GHSA-rv78-f8rc-xrxh — DoS in Server Components ( CVE-2026-23870) High 19.0.0–19.0.5, 19.1.0–19.1.6, 19.2.0–19.2.5 19.0.6, 19.1.7, 19.2.6

Next.js

All Next.js issues are patched in 15.5.18 and 16.2.6. Earlier minors of 15.x and 16.x will not be patched; affected projects must upgrade to a patched minor.

Vulnerability Severity Affected versions
GHSA-8h8q-6873-q5fj — DoS with Server Components High ≥13.0.0
GHSA-267c-6grr-h53f — Middleware / Proxy bypass in App Router via segment-prefetch routes High ≥15.2.0
GHSA-26hh-7cqf-hhc6 — Follow-up to GHSA-267c-6grr-h53f: incomplete fix for middleware.ts with Turbopack High ≥15.2.0
GHSA-mg66-mrh9-m8jx — DoS via connection exhaustion in apps using Cache Components High ≥15.0.0 (apps using Cache Components)
GHSA-492v-c6pp-mqqv — Middleware / Proxy bypass through dynamic route parameter injection High ≥15.4.0
GHSA-c4j6-fc7j-m34r — SSRF in applications using WebSocket upgrades High ≥13.4.13
GHSA-36qx-fr4f-26g5 — Middleware / Proxy bypass in Pages Router applications using i18n High ≥12.2.0
GHSA-ffhc-5mcf-pf4q — XSS in App Router applications using CSP nonces Medium ≥13.4.0
GHSA-gx5p-jg67-6x7h — XSS in beforeInteractive scripts with untrusted input Medium ≥13.0.0
GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh — DoS in the Image Optimization API Medium ≥10.0.0
GHSA-wfc6-r584-vfw7 — Cache poisoning in React Server Component responses Medium ≥14.2.0
GHSA-vfv6-92ff-j949 — Cache poisoning via collisions in React Server Component cache-busting Low ≥13.4.6
GHSA-3g8h-86w9-wvmq — Middleware / Proxy redirects can be cache-poisoned Low ≥12.2.0

Impact on Netlify

Denial of service

GHSA-8h8q-6873-q5fj and GHSA-mg66-mrh9-m8jx are server-side denial-of-service (DoS) vulnerabilities. On Netlify, these have minimal impact: our autoscaling serverless architecture means that a malicious request resulting in a crashed or hung function does not affect other requests. However, active exploitation could increase your function costs. Note that Cache Components ( GHSA-mg66-mrh9-m8jx) is an opt-in Next.js feature that is not enabled by default. Upgrading Next.js resolves both.

GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh affects the Next.js Image Optimization API. Netlify projects are not affected: this Next.js code path is not used on Netlify — image optimization is handled by Netlify Image CDN, a separate service that runs outside your project’s functions with its own protections against this class of issue.

Middleware / proxy bypass

These four CVEs affect Next.js middleware and proxy routing. Because Netlify runs Next.js middleware via our own edge function adapter, the impact varies per CVE:

Cross-site scripting

GHSA-ffhc-5mcf-pf4q and GHSA-gx5p-jg67-6x7h are client-side XSS vulnerabilities. Regardless of hosting provider, all apps using CSP nonces in App Router or passing untrusted input to beforeInteractive scripts may be vulnerable. Upgrade Next.js to remediate.

Server-side request forgery

GHSA-c4j6-fc7j-m34r affects applications using WebSocket upgrades. Netlify projects are not affected: Netlify Functions and Edge Functions do not support WebSocket upgrades, so this Next.js code path cannot be exercised on Netlify.

Cache poisoning

GHSA-wfc6-r584-vfw7 and GHSA-vfv6-92ff-j949 affect React Server Component response caching. Netlify projects are not affected: Netlify’s CDN does not rely on the _rsc cache-busting query parameter (so collisions in it cannot poison cache entries), and it honors Vary on RSC-related request headers.

What should I do?

We strongly recommend upgrading as soon as possible to patched releases:

For Next.js 13.x and 14.x users: patches are not planned for these versions. Consider upgrading to Next.js 15.x or 16.x.

For projects using Pages Router with i18n and Next.js Middleware / Proxy ( GHSA-36qx-fr4f-26g5), the upstream Next.js fix does not fully apply on Netlify. The fix ships in OpenNext Netlify Next.js adapter v5.15.11:

Resources

Permalink to Security Update: Multiple vulnerabilities in Next.js and ReactPermalink

April 8, 2026

A denial-of-service (DoS) vulnerability ( CVE-2026-23869, CVSS 7.5) has been disclosed affecting React Server Components (RSCs), a feature used by Next.js and other React metaframeworks. A malicious payload can cause excessive CPU consumption. Here’s what Netlify customers need to know.

Impact on Netlify

Nominally, this is a server-side DoS vulnerability. However, on Netlify this has minimal impact: our autoscaling serverless architecture means that a malicious request resulting in a crashed or hung function does not affect other requests. However, active exploitation could increase your function costs.

Affected frameworks

All RSC frameworks are affected:

Astro, Gatsby, and Remix are not affected.

React affected versions

See the React advisory for full details.

Affected versions Fixed in
19.0.0–19.0.4 19.0.5
19.1.0–19.1.5 19.1.6
19.2.0–19.2.4 19.2.5

Next.js affected versions

See the Next.js advisory for full details.

Affected versions Fixed in
13.3.0+ EOL - no fix
14.x EOL - no fix
15.0.0–15.5.14 15.5.15
16.0.0–16.2.2 16.2.3

What should I do?

If any of your projects are using an affected version, we recommend upgrading as soon as possible to a patched release.

For Next.js 13.x and 14.x users: patches are not planned for these versions. Consider upgrading to Next.js 15.x or 16.x.

Resources

Permalink to Security Update: DoS vulnerability in Next.js and React Server ComponentsPermalink

January 26, 2026

A denial-of-service (DoS) vulnerability ( CVE-2026-23864, CVSS 7.5) has been disclosed affecting React Server Components (RSCs), a feature used by Next.js and other React metaframeworks. A malicious payload can cause memory exhaustion or excessive CPU consumption. Next.js has also disclosed two unrelated medium-severity CVEs ( CVE-2025-59471, CVE-2025-59472) patched in the same releases. Here’s what Netlify customers need to know.

Impact on Netlify

Affected frameworks

All RSC frameworks are affected:

Astro, Gatsby, and Remix are not affected.

React affected versions

See the React blog post for full details.

Affected versions Fixed in
19.0.0–19.0.3 19.0.4
19.1.0–19.1.4 19.1.5
19.2.0–19.2.3 19.2.4

Next.js affected versions

See the Next.js advisory for full details.

Affected versions Fixed in
13.3.0+ EOL - no fix
14.x EOL - no fix
15.0.0–15.0.7 15.0.8
15.1.0–15.1.10 15.1.11
15.2.0–15.2.8 15.2.9
15.3.0–15.3.8 15.3.9
15.4.0–15.4.10 15.4.11
15.5.0–15.5.9 15.5.10
15.x canaries 15.6.0-canary.61
16.0.0–16.0.10 16.0.11
16.1.0–16.1.4 16.1.5
16.x canaries 16.2.0-canary.9

What should I do?

If any of your projects are using an affected version, we recommend upgrading as soon as possible to a patched release.

For Next.js 13.x and 14.x users: patches are not planned for these versions. Consider upgrading to Next.js 15.x or 16.x.

Resources

Permalink to Security Update: DoS vulnerability in Next.js and React Server ComponentsPermalink

December 11, 2025

Update (2025-12-12 00:41 UTC): The React and Next.js patches initially published on Dec. 11 at 21:10 incompletely addressed the vulnerabilities. A follow-up CVE was issued and follow-up patches have been released by the React and Next.js teams. All versions below have been updated accordingly. If you upgraded during this 3.5-hour window, please upgrade again.

Following last week’s critical vulnerability in React and Next.js, two additional vulnerabilities are being publicly disclosed today:

Impact

In both cases, all Next.js sites using App Router are vulnerable. This includes all v14 releases up to and including 14.2.33, all v15 releases up to and including 15.5.7, all v16 releases up to and including 16.0.8, and v13.4+ if opted into the experimental.serverActions flag. (In the case of CVE-2025-55183, only sites actually using any Server Actions are vulnerable.)

We have collaborated with the React and Next.js teams to roll out mitigations to the Netlify network in advance of public disclosure.

However, as we’ve seen in the past week, malicious actors around the world are constantly working to quickly identify novel ways to exploit newly published vulnerabilities. The best protection is to upgrade.

What should I do?

Upgrade as soon as possible. Both vulnerabilities are patched in all these releases:

As Next.js 13 has been unsupported for over a year, the Next.js team has chosen not to patch it. If your site uses Next.js 13.4+ and has opted in to the experimental.serverActions flag, we strongly recommend upgrading to 14.2.34 or later as soon as possible (note: v14 is also technically unsupported).

To be abundantly clear: if you have upgraded to address last week’s CVE, you must upgrade once again.

Other RSC frameworks

These are React vulnerabilities, in the React Server Functions protocol present in all versions of React 19 up to and including 19.2.1.

The following RSC implementations are therefore vulnerable: waku, @parcel/rsc, @vitejs/plugin-rsc, react-server-dom-parcel, react-server-dom-webpack, react-server-dom-turbopack, and the React Router 7 RSC preview.

If you are using any of these, upgrade it to the latest version and upgrade react to 19.0.3, 19.1.4, or 19.2.3 as soon as possible.

Resources

We are working continually with the React and Next.js teams and are committed to keeping your sites secure on Netlify.

This post was last updated on 2025-12-11 at 21:15 UTC

Permalink to Action required: React/Next.js CVE-2025-55184 and CVE-2025-55183Permalink

December 3, 2025

Update (2025-12-08 22:45 UTC): Sites that have not yet upgraded to a patched version of Next.js (or other affected framework) must upgrade immediately. Following upgrade, we also recommend rotating all credentials that are scoped for access within Netlify Functions, if you have been running a vulnerable version on or after December 4th, 2025 at 1:00 PM PT.

Over the last many days, several variants of the original React2Shell exploit have emerged. Netlify is working alongside others in a coordinated industry effort to monitor for exploit variants and has been adjusting our blocking mechanisms accordingly.

In addition to these attack blocking mechanisms, we are now blocking all further deploys for sites using versions of software affected by CVE-2025-55182 and CVE-2025-55183.

Update (2025-12-06 19:15 UTC): An official npm package has been released to update affected Next.js apps. Use npx fix-react2shell-next to update now. For more information, check the github repository for react2shell.

Update (2025-12-06 15:42 UTC): As this threat landscape is still evolving in real time, we advise all customers to immediately upgrade all React and Next.js projects to a patched version.

Update (2025-12-06 09:24 UTC): We have deployed further mitigations for newly discovered exploit vectors.

A critical vulnerability ( CVE-2025-55182) was recently disclosed in React’s Server Functions protocol, a feature of React Server Components (RSC). React 19.0, 19.1, and 19.2 are affected.

Working closely with the React and Next.js teams, we received early notice and immediately took action to protect our customers.

The vulnerability can be exploited using all RSC implementations, including:

In affected configurations, an attacker could craft a request that allows them to execute arbitrary code within the context of the victim’s app.

On December 3, at 14:00 UTC, the Netlify team rolled out a patch that prevents this vulnerability from being exploited on our customers’ sites. Since that time, all Netlify customers are not vulnerable to the exploit. We have found no evidence of exploitation on any Netlify sites.

Please upgrade all React and Next.js projects to a patched version immediately, and, in the case of Next.js, allow automatic updates of the OpenNext Netlify Next.js adapter.

We are working continually with the React and Next.js teams and are committed to keeping your sites secure on Netlify.

This post was last updated on 2025-12-08 at 22:45 UTC

Permalink to Netlify’s response to the critical React & Next.js security vulnerabilityPermalink

October 21, 2025

The Next.js 16 release is here and Netlify is ready.

Deploy the latest version, including Turbopack, React Compiler, and enhanced caching APIs, with zero configuration.

Template update

We’ve updated the Next Platform Starter to v16, showcasing Turbopack and the new caching APIs in action. In our tests, the project saw a 2.8× faster next build with Turbopack.

Upgrading to v16 on Netlify

If you’re upgrading from v15, no Netlify configuration changes are required. Teams that have opted out of automatic updates for Netlify’s OpenNext adapter will need to manually upgrade, or simply opt back in to receive automatic updates.

Resources